In fiscal 2006, we retained Crawford & Winiarski (“C&W”),
an independent, third-party consulting firm with expertise in
the area of asbestos valuation work, to assist us in calculating
an estimate of our liability for unasserted-potential-futureasbestos-
related claims. The methodology used by C&W to
project our liability for unasserted-potential-future-asbestosrelated
claims included C&W doing an analysis of: (a) widely
accepted forecast of the population likely to have been
exposed to asbestos; (b) epidemiological studies estimating the
number of people likely to develop asbestos-related diseases;
(c) historical rate at which mesothelioma incidences resulted in
the payment of claims by us; (d) historical settlement averages
to value the projected number of future compensable
mesothelioma claims; (e) historical ratio of mesotheliomarelated-
indemnity payments to non-mesothelioma indemnity
payments; and (f) historical defense costs and their relationship
with total indemnity payments.
During fiscal 2006, we recorded a liability for asbestos claims in
the amount of $380.0 million, while paying out $59.9 million
for dismissals and/or settlements, which resulted in our accrued
liability balance moving from $101.2 million at May 31, 2005
to $421.3 million at May 31, 2006. This increase was based
largely upon C&W’s analysis of our total estimated liability for
unasserted-potential-future-asbestos-related claims through
May 31, 2016. This amount was also calculated on a pre-tax
basis and was not discounted for the time value of money.
In light of the uncertainties inherent in making long-term
projections, we determined at that time that a ten-year period
was the most reasonable time period over which reasonably
accurate estimates might still be made for projecting asbestos
liabilities and defense costs and, accordingly, our accrual did
not include asbestos liabilities for any period beyond ten years.
We have reviewed and evaluated our ten-year asbestos
liability established as of May 31, 2006, for developments in
the fiscal year ending May 31, 2008. As part of this review and
evaluation process, the credibility of epidemiological studies
of our mesothelioma claims, first introduced to management
by C&W some two-and-one-half years ago, was validated.
At the core of our evaluation process and the basis of C&W’s
actuarial work on behalf of Bondex, is the Nicholson Study.
The Nicholson Study is the most widely recognized reference
in bankruptcy trust valuations, global settlement negotiations
and the Congressional Budget Offices’ work done on the
proposed FAIR Act in 2006. Based on our ongoing comparison
of the Nicholson Study projections and Bondex’s specific
actual experience, which continues to bear an extremely
close correlation to the study’s projections, we decided to
extend our asbestos liability projection out to twenty years.
C&W assisted us in calculating an estimate of our liability for
unasserted-potential-future-asbestos-related claims out to that
twenty-year period.
C&W has projected that the cost of extending the asbestos
liability to twenty years, coupled with an updated evaluation
of our current known claims to reflect our most recent actual
experience, would be $288.1 million. By adding $288.1 million
to our existing asbestos liability, the total asbestos-related
balance sheet liabilities at May 31, 2008 are $559.7 million,
with $65.0 million thereof estimated to be the short-term
liability due in fiscal 2009. The balance of $494.7 million is
reflected as a long-term liability. The material components
of the accruals are: (i) the gross number of open malignancy
claims (principally mesothelioma claims) as these claims have
the most significant impact on our asbestos settlement costs;
(ii) historical and current settlement costs and dismissal rates
by various categories; (iii) analysis of the jurisdiction and
governing laws of the states in which these claims are pending;
(iv) outside defense counsel’s opinions and recommendations
with respect to the merits of such claims; and (v) analysis of
projected liabilities for unasserted potential future claims.
In determining the amount of our asbestos liability, we relied
on assumptions that are based on currently known facts and
projection models. Our actual expenses could be significantly
higher or lower than those recorded if assumptions used in our
calculations vary significantly from actual results. Key variables
in these assumptions include the period of exposure to
asbestos claims, the number and type of new claims to be filed
each year, the rate at which mesothelioma incidences result in
compensable claims against us, the average cost of disposing
of each such new claim, the dismissal rates each year and the
related annual defense costs. Furthermore, predictions with
respect to these variables are subject to greater uncertainty
as the projection period lengthens. A significant upward or
downward trend in the number of claims filed, depending
on the nature of the alleged injury, the jurisdiction where
filed, the average cost of resolving each such claim and
the quality of the product identification, could change our
estimated liability, as could any substantial adverse verdict at
trial. A federal legislative solution, further state tort reform
or a structured-settlement transaction could also change the
estimated liability.
Subject to the foregoing variables, and based on currently
available data, we believe that our current asbestos liability
is sufficient to cover asbestos-related expenses for our known
pending and unasserted-potential-future-asbestos-related
claims through 2028. However, given the uncertainties
associated with projecting matters into the future and
numerous other factors outside of our control, we believe
that it is reasonably possible we may incur additional
material asbestos liabilities in periods before 2028. Due to the
uncertainty inherent in the process undertaken to estimate
our losses, we are unable at the present time to estimate an
additional range of loss in excess of our existing accruals.
While it is reasonably possible that such excess liabilities could
be material to operating results in any given quarter or year,
we do not believe that it is reasonably possible that such
excess liabilities would have a material adverse effect on our
long-term results of operations, liquidity or consolidated
financial position.
During fiscal 2004, certain of our subsidiaries’ third-party
insurers claimed exhaustion of coverage. Certain of our
subsidiaries have filed a complaint for declaratory judgment,
breach of contract and bad faith against these third-party
insurers, challenging their assertion that their policies
covering asbestos-related claims have been exhausted. The
coverage litigation involves, among other matters, insurance
coverage for claims arising out of alleged exposure to asbestos
containing products manufactured by the previous owner of
the Bondex tradename before March 1, 1966. On March 1,
1966, Republic Powdered Metals Inc. (as it was known then),
purchased the assets and assumed the liabilities of the previous
owner of the Bondex tradename. That previous owner
subsequently dissolved and was never a subsidiary of Republic
Powdered Metals, Bondex, RPM, Inc. or the Company. Because
of the earlier assumption of liabilities, however, Bondex
has historically responded, and must continue to respond,
to lawsuits alleging exposure to these asbestos-containing
products. We discovered that the defendant insurance
companies in the coverage litigation had wrongfully used
cases alleging exposure to these pre-1966 products to erode
their aggregate limits. This conduct, apparently known by
the insurance industry based on discovery conducted to date,
was in breach of the insurers’ policy language. Two of the
defendant insurers have filed counterclaims seeking to recoup
certain monies should the plaintiffs prevail on their claims.
The parties have substantially completed all fact and expert
discovery relating to the liability phase of the case. The parties
have filed dispositive motions (including motions for summary
judgment) and related briefs. While we had anticipated a
ruling on these motions before the end of fiscal 2008, the
court has not yet rendered its decision. It remains difficult to
predict when the motions will be ruled upon or when a trial
date will be scheduled.
During last year’s second fiscal quarter ended November 30,
2006, Bondex reached a settlement of $15.0 million, the terms
of which are confidential by agreement of the parties, with
one of the defendant insurers. The settling defendant has
been dismissed from the case. Our subsidiaries are aggressively
pursuing their claims against the remaining insurers based on
the terms of their respective policies.
We are unable at the present time to predict the timing or
ultimate outcome of this insurance coverage litigation or
whether there will be any further settlements. Consequently,
we are unable to predict whether, or to what extent, any
additional insurance may be available to cover a portion of
our subsidiaries’ asbestos liabilities. We have not included
any potential benefits from this litigation in calculating our
current asbestos liability. Our wholly owned captive insurance
companies have not provided any insurance or reinsurance
coverage for any of our subsidiaries’ asbestos-related claims.
The following table illustrates the movement of current and long-term asbestos-related liabilities through May 31, 2008:
We provide, through our wholly owned insurance subsidiaries,
certain insurance coverage, primarily product liability, to
our other subsidiaries. Excess coverage is provided by thirdparty
insurers. Our reserves provide for these potential losses
as well as other uninsured claims. As of May 31, 2008, the
current portion of these reserves amounted to $56.5 million as
compared with $55.0 million at May 31, 2007, while the total
long-term reserves of $8.5 million at May 31, 2008 compare
with $8.8 million at May 31, 2007. Product warranty expense
is recorded within selling, general and administrative expense.
The changes in the product warranty liability balance have
occurred primarily as a result of our continuing evaluation of
our liability under a class action lawsuit settlement covering
our Dryvit residential exterior insulated finish systems (“EIFS”)
product line. We also offer a warranty program for our roofing
systems and have established a product warranty liability.
We review this liability for adequacy on a quarterly basis and
adjust it as necessary. The primary factors that could affect
this liability may include changes in the historical system
performance rate as well as the costs of replacement. Provision
for estimated warranty costs is recorded at the time of sale and
periodically adjusted, as required, to reflect actual experience.
Third-party excess insurers have historically paid varying
shares of Dryvit’s defense and settlement costs for individual
commercial and residential EIFS lawsuits under various costsharing
agreements. Dryvit has assumed a greater share of
the costs associated with its EIFS litigation as it seeks funding
commitments from our third-party excess insurers and will
likely continue to do so pending the outcome of coverage
litigation involving these same third-party insurers. One of our
excess insurers filed suit seeking a declaration with respect
to its rights and obligations for EIFS-related claims under its
applicable policies. During the third quarter of fiscal 2006,
the court granted Dryvit’s motion to dismiss that federal
filing based on a more complete state court complaint filed
against this same insurer, another insurer, and the Company’s
insurance broker. The coverage case is now proceeding in
state court. Discovery in this litigation is ongoing. One insurer
appealed the trial court’s order granting Dryvit certain
discovery of allegedly privileged claim file documents, and the
court of appeals dismissed the appeal on September 12, 2007.
That insurer filed a motion for reconsideration, which has been
dismissed. No further appeal of that discovery ruling has been
granted. The case, therefore, has been placed back on the trial
court’s docket. In accordance with a court order, the parties
filed dispositive motions on certain of the coverage issues.
Briefing on these motions was completed on June 16, 2008.
A trial date has not yet been scheduled.
In addition, like other companies participating in similar lines
of business, some of our subsidiaries are involved in several
proceedings relating to environmental matters. It is our policy
to accrue remediation costs when it is probable that such
efforts will be required and the related costs can be reasonably
estimated. These liabilities are undiscounted.
note j — segment information
We operate a portfolio of businesses and product lines that
manufacture and sell a variety of specialty paints, protective
coatings and roofing systems, sealants and adhesives. We
manage our portfolio by organizing our businesses and
product lines into two reportable segments: the consumer
reportable segment and the industrial reportable segment.
Within each reportable segment, we aggregate three
operating segments that consist of individual groups of
companies and product lines, which generally address common
markets, share similar economic characteristics, utilize similar
technologies and can share manufacturing or distribution
capabilities. Our six operating segments represent components
of our business for which separate financial information
is available that is utilized on a regular basis by our chief
executive officer in determining how to allocate the assets of
the company and evaluate performance. These six operating
segments are each managed by an operating segment
manager, who is responsible for the day-to-day operating
decisions and performance evaluation of the operating
segment’s underlying businesses.
Our industrial reportable segment products are sold
throughout North America and also account for the majority
of our international sales. Our industrial product lines are
sold directly to contractors, distributors and end-users, such as
industrial manufacturing facilities, public institutions and other
commercial customers. This reportable segment comprises
three separate operating segments – our Tremco Group,
StonCor Group, and RPM II/Industrial Group. Products and
services within this reportable segment include construction
chemicals, roofing systems, weatherproofing and other
sealants, flooring, and specialty chemicals.
Our consumer reportable segment manufactures and markets
professional use and do-it-yourself (“DIY”) products for a
variety of mainly consumer applications, including home
improvement and personal leisure activities. Our consumer
segment’s major manufacturing and distribution operations
are located primarily in North America. Consumer segment
products are sold throughout North America directly to mass
merchandisers, home improvement centers, hardware stores,
paint stores, craft shops and to other smaller customers
through distributors. This reportable segment comprises three
operating segments – our DAP Group, Rust-Oleum/Zinsser
Group, and RPM II/Consumer Group. Products within this
reportable segment include specialty, hobby and professional
paints; caulks; adhesives; silicone sealants; wood stains and
specialty confectionary coatings and films. Sales to the Home
Depot represented less than 10% of our consolidated net sales
for 2008 and 2007; 10% of our consolidated net sales for 2006;
and 26%, 24% and 25% of our consumer segment net sales for
2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
In addition to our two reportable segments, there is a
category of certain business activities and expenses, referred
to as corporate/other, that does not constitute an operating
segment. This category includes our corporate headquarters
and related administrative expenses, results of our captive
insurance companies, gains or losses on the sales of certain
assets and other expenses not directly associated with either
reportable segment. Assets related to the corporate/other
category consist primarily of investments, prepaid expenses,
deferred pension assets, and headquarters’ property and
equipment. These corporate and other assets and expenses
reconcile reportable segment data to total consolidated
income (loss) before income taxes, identifiable assets, capital
expenditures, and depreciation and amortization.
We reflect income from our joint ventures on the equity
method, and receive royalties from our licensees. Total
income from royalties and joint ventures amounted to
approximately $3.3 million; $2.5 million and $2.2 million for
the years ended May 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively,
and are therefore included as an offset to selling, general and
administrative expenses.
The following table reflects the results of our reportable segments consistent with our management philosophy, and represents the
information we utilize, in conjunction with various strategic, operational and other financial performance criteria, in evaluating the
performance of our portfolio of businesses.
note k — quarterly information (unaudited)
The following is a summary of the quarterly results of operations for the years ended May 31, 2008 and 2007:
Quarterly earnings per share may not total to the yearly earnings per share due to the weighted-average number of shares
outstanding in each quarter.
note l — subsequent events
Subsequent to the end of our current fiscal year, our Senior
Convertible Notes (the “Convertible Notes”) due May 13, 2033
became eligible for conversion based upon the price of RPM
International Inc. stock during our most recently completed
fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2008. Subsequent to this
event, on June 13, 2008, we called for redemption all of our
outstanding Convertible Notes on the effective date of July 14,
2008 (the “Redemption Date”). Prior to the Redemption
Date, virtually all of the holders had already converted their
Convertible Notes into 8,030,455 shares of RPM International
Inc. common stock, or 27.0517 shares of common stock for
each $1,000 Face Value Convertible Note they held. Any
fractional shares from the conversion were paid in cash.