Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
May 31, 2010, 2009, 2008
NOTE H — STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-based compensation represents the cost related to
stock-based awards granted to our employees and directors;
these awards include restricted stock, restricted stock units,
stock options and SARs. We grant stock-based incentive
awards to our employees and/or our directors under various
share-based compensation plans. Plans that provide for stock
option grants or share-based payment awards include the 1996
Key Employees Stock Option Plan (the “1996 Plan”) and the
Amended and Restated 2004 Omnibus Equity and Incentive
Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”), which includes provisions for grants
of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance stock,
performance stock units and SARs. Other plans, which provide
for restricted stock grants only, include the 2003 Restricted Stock
Plan for Directors (the “2003 Plan”) and the 2007 Restricted
Stock Plan (the “2007 Plan”).
We measure stock-based compensation cost at the date of grant,
based on the estimated fair value of the award. We recognize
the cost as expense on a straight-line basis (net of estimated
forfeitures) over the related vesting period.
The following table represents total stock-based compensation
expense included in our Consolidated Statements of Income:
Stock Option Plans
Stock options are awards that allow our employees to purchase
shares of our common stock at a fixed price. We grant stock
options at an exercise price equal to the stock price on the date
of the grant. The fair value of SARs granted is estimated as of
the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
The Black-Scholes option pricing model was developed for
use in estimating the fair value of traded options that have no
vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. The risk-free rate
for periods within the contractual life of the option is based
on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
The expected life of options granted is derived from the input
of the option-pricing model and represents the period of time
that options granted are expected to be outstanding. Expected
volatility rates are based on historical volatility of shares of our
common stock.
The following is a summary of our weighted-average
assumptions related to grants made during the last three
fiscal years:
Compensation cost for awards under the 1996 Plan is recognized
on a straight-line basis over the related vesting period. No
shares vested during the year ended May 31, 2011. Shares
of common stock under option are not eligible for dividend
payments until the shares are exercised.
The Omnibus Plan was approved by our stockholders on
October 8, 2004, and is intended to be the primary stock-based
award program for covered employees. A wide variety of
stock and stock-based awards, as well as dollar-denominated
performance-based awards, may be granted under the Omnibus
Plan. SARs are issued at fair value at the date of grant, have
up to ten-year terms and have graded-vesting terms over four
years. Compensation cost for these awards is recognized on a
straight-line basis over the related vesting period. Currently all
SARs outstanding are to be settled with stock. As of May 31,
2011, there were 2,895,500 SARs outstanding and 1,132,833
stock options outstanding.
The following table summarizes option and share-based payment activity (including SARs) under these plans during the fiscal year
ended May 31, 2011:
At May 31, 2011, the aggregate intrinsic value and weightedaverage
remaining contractual life of options outstanding was
$22.4 million and 5.4 years respectively, while the aggregate
intrinsic value and weighted-average remaining contractual
life of options exercisable was $16.7 million and 4.1 years,
respectively.
At May 31, 2011, the total unamortized stock-based
compensation expense related to SARs that were previously
granted was $3.7 million, which is expected to be recognized
over 3.25 years. We anticipate that approximately 1.3 million
shares at a weighted-average exercise price of $19.17 and a
weighted-average remaining contractual term of 8.1 years will
ultimately vest under these plans.
Restricted Stock Plans
We also grant stock-based awards, which may be made in the
form of restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance
stock and performance stock units. These awards are granted to
eligible employees or directors, and entitle the holder to shares
of our common stock as the award vests. The fair value of the
awards is determined and fixed based on the stock price at the
date of grant. A description of our restricted stock plans follows.
Under the Omnibus Plan, a total of 12,000,000 shares of our
common stock may be subject to awards. Of the 12,000,000
shares of common stock issuable under the Omnibus Plan, up
to 6,000,000 shares may be subject to “full-value” awards such
as restricted stock, restricted stock unit, performance stock and
performance stock unit awards.
The following table summarizes the share-based performanceearned
restricted stock (“PERS”) activity during the fiscal year
ended May 31, 2011:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value was $19.31, $18.96
and $14.05 for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, respectively. The restricted stock cliff vests after three years. Nonvested restricted shares of common stock under
the Omnibus Plan are eligible for dividend payments. At
May 31, 2011, unamortized deferred compensation expense of
$8.8 million remained and is being amortized over the applicable
vesting period for each participant.
In July 2007, performance-contingent restricted stock (“PCRS”)
awards were approved. PCRS awards were made pursuant
to the Omnibus Plan and are contingent upon the level of
attainment of performance goals for the three-year period
from June 1, 2007 ending May 31, 2010. During the fiscal years
ended May 31, 2010 and 2009, we did not grant any PCRS
awards. Since the performance goals were not met, the 287,000
PCRS awards were forfeited on or prior to July 19, 2010. On
October 7, 2010, our Compensation Committee approved
contingent awards of PCRS, (the “2011 PCRS”), for certain
executives. During October 2010, 680,000 shares were granted
at a weighted-average grant-date price of $20.73. The awards
are contingent upon the level of attainment of performance
goals for the three-year and five-year periods from June 1, 2010
ending May 31, 2013, and from June 1, 2010 ending May 31,
2015, respectively. At May 31, 2011, we expect that up to
305,540 shares of stock may ultimately vest in relation to these
awards. Compensation cost for these awards will be recognized
on a straight-line basis over the related performance period,
with consideration given to the probability of attaining the
performance goals. As of May 31, 2011, there were 680,000 2011
PCRS shares outstanding and $5.5 million in total unamortized
stock-based compensation expense.
The 2003 Plan was approved on October 10, 2003 by our
stockholders, and was established primarily for the purpose of
recruiting and retaining directors, and to align the interests of
directors with the interests of our stockholders. Only directors
who are not our employees are eligible to participate. Under the
2003 Plan, up to 500,000 shares of our common stock may be
awarded, with awards cliff vesting over a three-year period. The
following table summarizes the share-based activity under the
2003 Plan during fiscal 2011:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value was $20.73, $18.96
and $14.05 for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, respectively. Unamortized deferred compensation
expense relating to restricted stock grants for directors of
$1.1 million at May 31, 2011, is being amortized over the
applicable remaining vesting period for each director. Nonvested
restricted shares of common stock under the 2003 Plan are eligible
for dividend payments. As of May 31, 2011, there were 275,400
shares available for future grant.
Under the 2007 Plan, up to 1,000,000 shares may be awarded
to certain employees, generally subject to forfeiture. The
shares vest upon the latter of attainment of age 55 and the fifth
anniversary of the May 31st immediately preceding the date
of the grant. In addition, we also grant restricted stock units to
certain employees under this plan. The following table sets forth
awards and restricted stock units issued under the 2007 Plan for
the years ended May 31, 2011:
The weighted-average grant-date fair value was $17.88, $14.66
and $20.26 for the fiscal years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and
2009, respectively. As of May 31, 2011, 412,411 shares were
available for future issuance under the 2007 Plan. At May 31,
2011, unamortized stock-based compensation expense of
$4.0 million, $0.2 million and $1.3 million relating to the 2007
Plan, the 1997 Plan and the Restricted Stock Units, respectively,
which are being amortized over the applicable vesting period
associated with each participant.
The following table summarizes the activity for all nonvested
restricted shares during the year ended May 31, 2011:
The remaining weighted-average contractual term of nonvested
restricted shares at May 31, 2011 is the same as the period over
which the remaining cost of the awards will be recognized,
which is approximately 3.8 years. The fair value of the
nonvested restricted share awards have been calculated using
the market value of the shares on the date of issuance. For the
years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the weighted-average
grant-date fair value for restricted share grants was $19.97,
$16.26 and $14.68, respectively. The total fair value of shares
that vested during the years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
was $10.8 million, $7.7 million and $5.8 million, respectively. We
anticipate that approximately 2.1 million shares at a weightedaverage
grant-date fair value of $18.04 and a weighted-average
remaining contractual term of 3.8 years will ultimately vest,
based upon the unique terms and participants of each plan.
Approximately 64,861 shares of restricted stock were vested at
June 1, 2010, with 53,773 restricted shares vested as of
May 31, 2011. The total intrinsic value of restricted shares
converted during the years ended May 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009
was $0.6 million, $0.6 million and $0.09 million, respectively.
Total unrecognized compensation cost related to all nonvested
awards of restricted shares of common stock was $20.9 million
as of May 31, 2011. That cost is expected to be recognized over
a weighted-average period of 3.8 years. We did not receive
any cash from employees as a result of employee vesting and
release of restricted shares for the year ended May 31, 2011.